Improvement in hydeaulio press



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'ro ALL WHOM VIrMAY coN'cEnN:

Be it 'known that I, JOHN T.' BURR, of Brooklyn, in thecounty of Kings, in 'the State of New York, have inYented. a. new andmproved Mode of Constructing and Operatingl'ydraulie Presses;f and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and' exact description thereof, reference'bcing had to the accompanying drawings, in which- I Figure 1 is averticalsectio'n, takenin the plane .of the axis lof the rant and the line A B, and

Figure 2 is plan or top view.

,As the hydraulic press has 'heretofore been generally constructed, much time and power `are ivasted in the first movementof the ra-m,'for the reason'that but little poweris requiredjo move thernm before the ultimate resistancefls reached; and as the proportions vofthe pump piston and the ram are relatively proportioned so s to enable the piston of the pump "toforce water into the cylinder to -more the ram against the maximum resistance, 'it follows tb'at-to move the ram until it meets such resistance,l if the sainemeans are employed in the beginning ofthe operation, there 'must be a serious waste of powerinmoving the` ram-,until .it reaches the resistance which is to be ultimately overcome. Various devices have been contrived to avoid this defect, none of which, as Iam informed, have,'prior tomy said invention, `proved to be practically useful.

The object'of my invention is to avoid this defect, and to this end my saidinventiori consists in causing the' Water which is forced into the cylinder bythe usual pump to act against a small portion of the surface of the ram until it meets'with a. considerable resistance; water, in the mean time, being permitted to dow by gravity from a reservoir into the cyllinder as the ram is moved; and when the ram has beeni'oved as far as the water forced in by the pump to act against a small portion of its area will carry it, the increased pressure of the water lifts a weightedyalve, which opcns o communication between the pump.and the cylinder in which the ram works, that the water forced in by the pump may act against the whole surface of the rain, a valve in the pipe which connects the cylinder with the water-reservoir being closed by the pressure of the water so as to prevent the water from the pump from escaping into the reservoir. y

The ram is formed with a small cylindrical bore extending some distance from the inner end towards theouter end; and this central bore slides on the open packed end of afpipe secured to'a hole in the closed end V of the cylinder; and this -pipenconnects with the pump so that the water 'forced .in bythe pump actsagainst the end of this sinall'gcen'tral bore o'f'fthc ram, the area of which is smaller than -the entire siirface Vof the said ram. The lower end of the'zcylinder is connected by'another pipe `with any suitable reservoir of water, from which water `will'liowby gravity into lthe cylinder around the pipe in the central -bore as the ram is forced up by the action of the water forced by thepump into the central bore;V and in this pipe there is a check-valve which opens towards thecylinder, and the pipe leading from thepump to ,the central bore has-a branchl which connects with the pipe that connects the cylinder with the reservoir; and this cermecting branch ,pipe is centrlled by 'u wegbtedvalve, s o'loaded that'so long as the water forced by the pu'mp into the centralhore'ezerts suicient force to more the ram the valve remains closed, and as the ram is thus forced 'up `the cylinder below the-ram will be supplied with water frgom the reservoir; but so s o'on' as the motion oflthe'r'amischecked by the increasing resistance the full: force of the 'pump increases the pressure on thewater.4 This lifts the weighted i valve in the branch pipe. The water from the-pump then also passes through the .partio'fistleweighted valve -into the pipe leading from the reservoir `into the cylinder, closes thev check-valve, and theh the water fromV the pump i's caused to act against the entire surface of the ram to develop thefull power of the'press.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my inventioi, I will proceed Ato describe its construe* tion and operation. y l

The cylinder h is bored and finished-on the inside as usual, and is drilled through the bottom toi'eceiv'mthe standing pipe lc.' This is firmly secured into the closed end of the'cylinder, and is provided at 'the upper end with a hydraulic packing, 2, of suitable size, 4to act as a stationary piston. The ram t' is bored from below to within a short distance of the top to receive the packing 2 and nuits Z-Z. The ram z' is providedwith the usualr "hydraulic packing, u'. Into the'bottom of the cylinder It the pipe g is secured, and connects by means of the liittingsf d b and pipes e e a'with the pump in the usual-way. .The cylinder h is also drilled and tapped ti receive the pipe m, which connects with the reservoir by meansof fittings n g and pipes p"and t. There is a l 67,119 Q check-valve, r, which will allow the water to flow from the reservoir to the press, but not in` the opposite direction.v The pipes m p and g e c a are connected by means of pipe x, valve'a, and fittings c Non, and also by means of pipe w, valve u, and fittings .s 7" o n. The valve a is somewhat like the ordinary safety-valve,i having a, stem, z, leverf, fulcrum d', and weight gL. This leverf is connected to an oscillating loop, 'nby means of v v l* a pm, 7L. In the loop t', which is suspended from o by the pm 1L', the carriage l with wheels k caml carryingv n o weight m', is free to run from end to enrl ol' the loop. The weights g nml m are so proportioned thatwhen' no pressure is on the vulve-stein z, and g is on the end ofv the lei/erf', :mtlthe weight m on the outer eiid of Vthe loopj, -'thejfal've z reuiainshdonju with a. requisite pressure of say fl'ty or sixty pounds. w

The operation of my 'press thens as follows: The water from the pump passes through a b c tlefg into y n u n u I l and through the pipe k, causing the ram 1. to rise., yAt the same time the Waiter from the reservoir flows through.

t gf-p n m into anal fills the cylinder L as fast as the rain rises This-continues until thel resistance to ther-am becomes such that the ypressure oi` u'ater cluses the-valve-stem z to'rise. This moves tlielevelf so as to raise the Weight g and reverse the inclination ofl the loop z." causing 'the weightin" to run down tothe opposite end'of the loop, thereby raising the valye z so that the water will flow through a 7j.o npand mfclosing the cheek-vali'e 1' se that thepressurel of thewater shall uct against tl'iefentire surface of the ram with a power equal tothe pressure of the water multiplied by the whole area ofthe ram i, until'it has raised it to the requisite height. The pipe a is connected with the reservoir by means of the usual .stop-Valve, which is not shown in the drawing. To lower the ram z' this valve isl'opened and the water runs back 'through m n o r1c, and the i valve z having been closed by the weighty, the water being there obstructedI -itl runs' downy through sfintofand through the cheek-valve 1t, thence through u' d c b a, into the reservoir.V The water in the cylinder and in the down it is 'ready for another operation..

What I claim as my inventiomland desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is- The standing pipe packed in the central bore of the ram,k and connected with the pump, in combination vith bore of the ram z' has thus obtainer free aceess .to the reservoir bv means of lc e'dcb a. The ram bein 'the lpipe connecting the cylinder with any suitable reservoir or head of water, and the weighted valve, arranged as shown in connection with 'the pump and cylinder, the whole being substantially as and for thepurpose set forth. l l JOHN T. BURR.

lliitnesses W. H. BlsHvoP, H. O. BURR. 

